Monday, 22 April 2013

AP PG 2011 (Andhra Pradesh) ENT questions with answers



1q: Which of the following is not a quadrant of tympanic membrane?
a. Posterosuperior
b. Anteroinferior
c. Posteroinferior
d. Posteroanterior


2q: Crypta magna is seen in
a. Palatine tonsil
b. Nasopharyngeal tonsil
c. Lingual tonsil
d.


3q: Which of the following is true regarding acute epiglottitis?
a. Urgent laryngoscopy is done
b. The mostcommon causative organism is staphylococcus
c. Thumb print sign is seen on lateral x-ray
d.


4q: Epley maneuvre is done for
a. BPPV
b. acute labyrinthitis
c.
d.


5q: Which of the following is true regarding cochlear implants?
a. Placed in round window
b. Cochlear malformation is not a contraindication for its placement
c.
d.


6q: What is the wavelength of Co2 laser
a. 1060 nm
b. 10600 nm
c.
d.


7q: Foot plate of stapes (oval window) opens into
a. scala vestibuli
b. scala tympani
c.
d.


8q: Perichondritis of the pinna is caused by
a. streptococcus
b. staphylococcus
c. pseudomonas
d.


9q: Normal conversation in a quiet room is ____ decibels
a. 20-30
b. 30-40
c. 40-50
d. 50-60


*180 decibels, equivalent to a rocket launching pad [hearing loss inevitable].
*140 decibels, equivalent to a gunshot blast, jet plane take-off at close range [approximately 200 feet], air raid siren [any length of exposure time is dangerous and is at the threshold of pain].
*130 decibels, equivalent to sound vibrations felt, as with thunder or near a four-engine jet at thirty meters.
*125 decibels, equivalent to a diesel engine room.
*120 decibels, equivalent to an amplified rock concert in front of speakers, sand-blasting, thunderclap [immediate danger], a nearby airplane engine, some rock or hard-metal cacophony groups, pneumatic hammer at one meter, thunderclap over head [at around 120 dB, the sensation of hearing is replaced by that of pain].
*110 decibels, equivalent to deafening factory noises and some musical boxes turned up too loudly, discotheque, thunder, rock-n-roll band.
*108 decibels, equivalent to the coqui frog croak of Puerto Rico [up to 108 dB].
*105 decibels, In a Malaysian surgical-glove factory, making surgical-latex gloves by dipping porcelain models of the human hand into liquid latex, which when dried, is blown off the hands by air jets. Before modifications to the air jets, the gloves were blown off every 30 seconds at a deafening 125 decibels.
*100 decibels, equivalent to a chain saw, pneumatic drill, printing plant, jackhammer, speeding express train, some car horns at five meters, farm tractor, riveting machine, some noisy subways [about 20 feet].
*90 decibels, equivalent to a police whistle, heavy traffic, truck traffic, noisy home appliances subway-rail train, pneumatic drill [or hammer] at one meter, walk-man ear phone [average volume], rock drill at 100 feet, some motorcycles at 25 feet, shouted conversation.
*80 decibels, equivalent to heavy city traffic [25-50 feet], alarm clock at two feet, factory noise, vacuum cleaner, heavy truck, loud-radio music, garbage disposal.
*70 decibels, equivalent to typewriter, average factory noise, busy traffic [at one meter], office tabulator, noisy restaurant [constant exposure], quiet vacuum cleaner, TV.
*60 decibels, equivalent to an air conditioner at twenty feet, conversation [at one meter], sewing machine, large transformer, ordinary or average street traffic.
*50 decibels, equivalent to quiet radio, average home, light traffic at a distance of 100 feet, refrigerator, gentle breeze, average office, non-electric typewriter, ordinary spoken voice.
*40 decibels, equivalent to quiet office, living room, bedroom away from traffic, residential area [no traffic]; many computer hard drives range an average of 40-50 dB, soft whisper [five feet].
*30 decibels, equivalent to quiet conversation, soft whisper, quiet suburb, speech in a broadcasting studio.
*20 decibels, equivalent to whispering, ticking of a watch [by the ear], rural area [without loud farm machinery or other excessive noises].
*10 decibels, equivalent to the rustling of leaves.
*0-1 decibels, equivalent to the faintest sounds that can be heard, the threshold of audibility.

10q: Anaesthesia used in Dacryocystorhinostomy?
a. Frontal nerve block
b. Nasociliary nerve block
c. Infraorbital nerve block
d.


11q: Which cells of the cochlea generate action potentials
a. Outer hair cells
b. Inner hair cells
c.
d.


AP PG 2011 (Andhra pradesh) SURGERY questions with answers



1q: The minimum amount of blood required to cause malena ?
a. 20 ml
b. 40 ml
c. 60 ml
d. 150 ml


2q: What is the most common cause of bleeding per rectum in a 5 year old child ?
a. Anal fistula
b. Meckel's diverticulum
c. Anal fissure
d. Rectal polyp


3q: What is the most common malignancy of liver?
a. Hepatocellular carcinoma
b. Metastasis
c. Angiosarcoma
d.


4q: Which of the following statements is false regarding carcinoid tumors?
a. Involve the mucosa
b. Multicentric
c. Small intestinal carcinoids are of fibrosing variety
d.


5q: What is the most common site of perforation in a peptic ulcer ?
a. Anterior of the first part of duodenum
b. Posterior of the first part of duodenum
c.
d.


6q: Large breast is not a feature of which carcinoma
a. Large fibroadenoma
b. cystosarcoma phylloides
c.
d. Scirrhous carcinoma


7q: What is the treatment of choice for medullary carcinoma of thyroid?
a. Total thyroidectomy
b. Subtotal thyroidectomy
c. hemithyroidectomy
d. Lobectomy


8q: Which of the following is not an absolute contraindication for organ donation?
a. Cardiopulmonary arrest for 15 minutes
b. HIV
c. Malignancy ( except primary brain tumors and low grade skin melanoma )
d. Age of the patient greater than 70


9q: Which of the following is false regarding Hirschsprung's disease?
a. Auerbach's plexus is absent
b. Small intestine is not involved
c.
d.


10q:All of the following are common complications of femoral vein catheterisation except
a. DVT
b. Bleeding
c. Infections
d.


11q: A 2.5 cm stone is found in the renal pelvis of a child. What is the best management?
a. ESWL
b.
c.
d.


12q: Most common cause of post renal acute renal failure?
a. Renal stones
b. Retroperitoneal fibrosis
c. Bladder neck obstruction
d. Urethral stenosis


13q: Which of the following is false regarding blunt trauma to the pancreas?
a. Pancreatic necrosis can occur
b. Most commonly presents as an isolated pancreatic injury
c.
d.


14q: Treatment of choice for a 8mm stone in the CBD?
a. ERCP
b. endoscopic bile duct exploration
c.
d.


15q: Which of the following is false regarding Oesophageal injury?
a. Penetrating injury is the most common type of injury
b. Barium swallow is used for diagnosis
c.
d.


Saturday, 20 April 2013

AIPGMEE paediatrics MCQ

AIPGMEE, AIPGMEE 2005, MCQ, Paediatrics MCQ's »

Paediatrics – MCQ 72 – Protective effects of breast milk
The protective effects of breast milk are known to be associated with:
A. IgM antibodies
B. Lysozyme
C. Mast cells
D. IgA antibodies
Correct answer : D. IgA antibodies
Although breast milk contains both breast milk and antibodies; antibodies play the major role in providing immunity. Breast fed babies have lower incidence of diarrhoea, otitis media, pneumonia, bacteremia and meningitis.

AIPGMEE, AIPGMEE 2005, MCQ, Paediatrics MCQ's »

Paediatrics – MCQ 71 – Management of birth asphyxia
All of the following therapies may be required in a 1 hour old infant with severe birth asphyxia except:
A. Glucose
B. Dexamethasone
C. Calcium gluconate
D. Normal saline
Correct answer : B. Dexamethasone
Steroids should not be used in management of infants with asphyxia.

AIPGMEE, AIPGMEE 2005, MCQ, Paediatrics MCQ's »

Paediatrics – MCQ 73 – Karyotype of Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome
The karyotype of a patient with Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome is:
A. 46XX
B. 46XY
C. 47XXY
D. 45XO
Correct answer : B. 46XY
Androgen insensitivity is seen in genetic males (XY) who exhibit a female phenotype.

AIPGMEE, AIPGMEE 2005, MCQ, Paediatrics MCQ's »

Paediatrics – MCQ 72 – Fetal therapy of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Which one of the following drugs is used for fetal therapy of congenital adrenal hyperplasia?
A. Hydrocortisone
B. Prednisolone
C. Fludrocortisone
D. Dexamethasone
Correct answer : D. Dexamethasone
Dexamethasone acts by suppressing the secretion of steroids by fetal adrenals.

AIPGMEE, AIPGMEE 2005, MCQ, Paediatrics MCQ's »

Paediatrics – MCQ 70 – Blood for neonatal thyroid screening
Blood specimen for neonatal thyroid screening is obtained on:
A. Cord blood
B. 24 hours after birth
C. 48 hours after birth
D. 72 hours after birth
Correct answer : A. Cord blood

AIPGMEE, AIPGMEE 2005, MCQ, Paediatrics MCQ's »

Paediatrics – MCQ 69 – Neonate with vaginal bleeding
The appropriate approach to a neonate presenting with vaginal bleeding on day 4 or life is:
A. Administration of vitamin K
B. Investigation for bleeding disorder
C. No specific therapy
D. Administration of 10 ml/kg of fresh frozen plasma over 4 hours
Correct answer : C. No specific therapy
Vaginal bleeding can occur in 3rd – 7th day after birth. It occurs due to withdrawal of maternal hormones. It usually subsides in 2-3 days. No specific treatment is required.

AIPGMEE, AIPGMEE 2005, MCQ, Paediatrics MCQ's »

Paediatrics – MCQ 68 – Drug increasing risk of kernicterus
In unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, the risk of kernicterus increases with the use of:
A. Ceftriaxone
B. Phenobarbitone
C. Ampicillin
D. Sulphonamide
Correct answer : D. Sulphonamide
Sulphonamide can displace bilirubin from albumin.

AIPGMEE, AIPGMEE 2005, MCQ, Paediatrics MCQ's »

Paediatrics – MCQ 67 – Bacteria causing acute neonatal meningitis
The following bacteria are most often associated with acute neonatal meningitis except:
A. Escherichia coli
B. Streptococcus agalactiae
C. Neisseria meningitidis
D. Listeria monocytogenes
Correct answer : C. Neisseria meningitidis
Meningitis by Neisseria meningitidis is seen in 2months-12 years of age.

AIPGMEE, AIPGMEE 2005, MCQ, Paediatrics MCQ's »

Paediatrics – MCQ 66 – Common cause of congenital hydrocephalus
Which one of the following is the most common cause of congenital hydrocephalus?
A. Craniosynostosis
B. Intra uterine meningitis
C. Aqueductal stenosis
D. Malformations of great vein of Galen
Correct answer : C. Aqueductal stenosis

AIPGMEE, AIPGMEE 2005, MCQ, Paediatrics MCQ's »

Paediatrics – MCQ 65 – Commonest malignant neoplasm of infancy
The most common malignant neoplasm of infancy is:
A. Malignant teratoma
B. Neuroblastoma
C. Wilms’ tumor
D. Hepatoblastoma
Correct answer : B. Neuroblastoma